Background

Research competency is an essential component of modern medical education. Medical students are increasingly expected to understand scientific methodologies, critically appraise literature, conduct research, and apply evidence-based medicine in clinical practice. However, research competency levels among medical students vary considerably across institutions and regions.

Objective

To assess research competency among undergraduate medical students and identify factors associated with higher research knowledge, skills, and engagement.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,200 undergraduate medical students from five medical colleges between January and December 2024. Data were collected using a validated Research Competency Assessment Questionnaire evaluating research knowledge, methodological skills, statistical literacy, scientific writing abilities, and research attitudes. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate regression analyses were performed.

Results

Among 1,200 participants, 62.8% demonstrated moderate research competency, 21.5% high competency, and 15.7% low competency. Students involved in research projects exhibited significantly higher competency scores (p<0.001). Prior research training, mentorship availability, academic year, and publication experience were significant predictors of competency.

Conclusion

Research competency among medical students remains moderate overall, with notable gaps in statistical analysis, scientific writing, and research methodology. Strengthening research education and mentorship programs may enhance future physician-scientists' capabilities.