Background

Hypertension is one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Various classes of antihypertensive medications are available, including Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), Beta-Blockers, and Diuretics. Selecting the most appropriate antihypertensive agent depends on efficacy, safety, patient characteristics, and associated comorbidities.

Objective

This study aims to compare the effectiveness, safety profile, and clinical outcomes of commonly prescribed antihypertensive medications among adult hypertensive patients.

Methods

A retrospective comparative analysis was conducted involving 1,200 hypertensive patients receiving antihypertensive therapy. Blood pressure reduction, cardiovascular outcomes, adverse effects, medication adherence, and treatment success rates were evaluated over a 12-month period.

Results

ACE inhibitors and ARBs demonstrated superior cardiovascular protection and high patient adherence. Calcium channel blockers showed excellent blood pressure control, while diuretics remained cost-effective and beneficial in combination therapy. Beta-blockers were particularly effective among patients with concurrent cardiac conditions.

Conclusion

Although all antihypertensive classes effectively reduced blood pressure, ACE inhibitors and ARBs demonstrated the most favorable overall clinical outcomes. Personalized treatment approaches remain essential for optimizing hypertension management.