Background
Dyslipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Monitoring lipid profile trends among high-risk cardiovascular patients is essential for evaluating treatment effectiveness and preventing adverse cardiovascular events.
Objective
To assess lipid profile trends and associated cardiovascular risk factors among high-risk cardiovascular patients receiving routine medical care.
Methods
A longitudinal observational study was conducted among 500 high-risk cardiovascular patients attending tertiary cardiac centers. Lipid profile parameters including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and non-HDL cholesterol were evaluated at baseline and during a 12-month follow-up period. Clinical characteristics, medication adherence, and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed.
Results
Significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels were observed during follow-up (p < 0.001). HDL-C levels demonstrated modest improvement. Patients receiving high-intensity statin therapy showed greater lipid improvement compared with those on moderate-intensity therapy. Diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and poor medication adherence were associated with unfavorable lipid trends.
Conclusion
Lipid profiles improved significantly among high-risk cardiovascular patients receiving evidence-based treatment. Continuous monitoring, lifestyle interventions, and adherence to lipid-lowering therapies remain crucial for reducing cardiovascular risk.