Background

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards, including biological agents, chemical substances, ergonomic stressors, workplace violence, and psychological pressures. These occupational risks can adversely affect the health, safety, and productivity of healthcare professionals while potentially compromising patient care quality.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of occupational health risks among healthcare workers and identify factors associated with increased workplace hazards in healthcare settings.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 600 healthcare workers from tertiary hospitals, primary healthcare centers, and specialized clinics. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, workplace assessments, and occupational health records. Variables included biological exposure, musculoskeletal disorders, psychological stress, workplace injuries, and compliance with occupational safety measures.

Results

Among participants, 72.5% reported exposure to at least one occupational hazard. Biological exposure (58.3%), musculoskeletal disorders (46.8%), occupational stress (64.2%), and needlestick injuries (28.5%) were the most commonly reported risks. Healthcare workers with longer working hours and inadequate safety training exhibited significantly higher occupational risk levels (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Occupational health risks remain a significant concern among healthcare workers. Strengthening occupational safety programs, improving workplace ergonomics, promoting mental health support, and ensuring adherence to infection prevention measures are essential for protecting healthcare personnel and improving healthcare outcomes.