Background

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most serious global public health threats of the 21st century. The inappropriate use of antibiotics, self-medication, poor adherence to prescribed treatments, and lack of public awareness contribute significantly to the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Public knowledge and attitudes play a critical role in combating antibiotic resistance through responsible antibiotic use.

Objective

This study aims to assess public awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic resistance and identify factors associated with awareness levels among the general population.

Methods

A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 1,200 participants from urban and rural communities. Data regarding demographics, antibiotic use, knowledge of antibiotic resistance, attitudes toward antibiotic consumption, and healthcare-seeking behaviors were collected and analyzed.

Results

Although 72% of participants had heard of antibiotics, only 48% correctly understood antibiotic resistance. Approximately 38% reported self-medication with antibiotics, and 41% admitted discontinuing antibiotic treatment once symptoms improved. Higher educational levels were significantly associated with better awareness scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Public awareness regarding antibiotic resistance remains inadequate. Comprehensive educational campaigns, stricter antibiotic regulations, and community-based interventions are necessary to improve public understanding and promote responsible antibiotic use.