Background

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose metabolism. The syndrome has emerged as a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in rapidly urbanizing populations where sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy dietary habits are increasingly common.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among urban adults and identify associated demographic and lifestyle risk factors.

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 500 urban adults aged 25–65 years. Data regarding anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profiles, physical activity, dietary habits, and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria.

Results

The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found to be 31.4%. Higher prevalence was observed among individuals aged above 45 years, females, obese participants, and those with sedentary lifestyles. Central obesity and hypertension were the most frequently observed components.

Conclusion

Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among urban adults and represents a growing public health challenge. Lifestyle modifications, early screening programs, and targeted preventive interventions are essential to reduce future cardiovascular and diabetic complications.